Recital 11

It is necessary to strengthen Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 by introducing an additional ground for data holders to refuse the disclosure of trade secrets, supplementing existing provisions which allow refusal based on the data holder’s demonstration of a high likelihood of serious economic damage. Under the new provision, data holders may refuse to disclose trade secrets if they demonstrate a high risk of unlawful acquisition, use, or disclosure to entities subject to regimes with inadequate protection, non-equivalent, or weaker legal frameworks than the applicable Union rules. The new provision also covers instances where the third country legal framework, in theory, is robust or exceeds such Union rules, but lacks appropriate enforcement in practice. Such risks highlight the possibility that trade secrets could be acquired, used, or disclosed in violation of Union law, threatening the integrity and confidentiality of trade secrets.