Texts to 22 Oct 2026

Digital Omnibus proposal· Recital 16

Text

Recital 16 Digital Omnibus proposal as printed in the Council text of 22 October 2026

Source Council, 22 October 2026. Recital 16: ST 14756/26, page 11 · exact text page

In order to mitigate legal uncertainties that could discourage innovative business models, it is necessary to address the substantial compliance ambiguities and burdens associated with the provisions on smart contracts executing data sharing agreements under Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854. The absence of harmonised standards and clear definitions for key concepts such as ‘robustness’, ‘access control’, and ‘consistency with contractual terms’, combined with the requirement for a ‘safe termination or interruption mechanism’ potentially incompatible with decentralised or public blockchain architectures built on immutable ledgers, posed challenges to innovators from a cost and opportunity perspective. Additionally, the ambiguity surrounding the performance of the conformity assessment under Article 36(2) of that Regulation risks imposing disproportionate burdens. The elimination of Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 would therefore promote the development and market introduction of new business models, foster innovation, and reduce barriers for emerging technologies.

How the recital changed

Each text against the text before it

Recital Commission19 Nov 2025Rec 16Council21 May 2026Council10 Jun 2026Rec 16Council18 Jun 2026Rec 16Council3 Sep 2026Rec 16Council2 Oct 2026Rec 16Council22 Oct 2026Rec 16
Compared withlaw in forcethe proposal21 May text10 Jun text18 Jun text3 Sep text2 Oct text
Recital 16 16 Added In neither text 16 Unchanged 16 Unchanged 16 Unchanged 16 Unchanged 16 Unchanged

Each text against the text before it: +Added in this text, not in the text before=Unchanged same as the text before— in neither text

Parliament amendments

5 amendments to this recital

5 amendments would delete the whole recital: members of S&D and Greens/EFA, and the JURI rapporteur and the IMCO rapporteur.

By political group; co-sponsored amendments count for each group
TypeS&DGreens/EFARapporteur
− Deletion122

By political group

  • − Deletion S&D 1 Greens/EFA 2 Rapporteur 2
  1. 7 Deletion Brando Benifei (rapporteur)Rapporteur · JURI Deletes the recital

    (16) In order to mitigate legal uncertainties that could discourage innovative business models, it is necessary to address the substantial compliance ambiguities and burdens associated with the provisions on smart contracts executing data sharing agreements under Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854. The absence of harmonised standards and clear definitions for key concepts such as ‘robustness’, ‘access control’, and ‘consistency with contractual terms’, combined with the requirement for a ‘safe termination or interruption mechanism’ potentially incompatible with decentralised or public blockchain architectures built on immutable ledgers, posed challenges to innovators from a cost and opportunity perspective. Additionally, the ambiguity surrounding the performance of the conformity assessment under Article 36(2) of that Regulation risks imposing disproportionate burdens. The elimination of Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 would therefore promote the development and market introduction of new business models, foster innovation, and reduce barriers for emerging technologies.

    Justification

    The deletion of Article 36 would remove important minimum safeguards ensuring that smart contracts used in data-sharing agreements remain secure, interoperable and controllable. While legal uncertainty concerns should be addressed, a complete removal of the framework risks creating a regulatory gap in automated data-sharing systems, potentially weakening trust, interoperability and legal certainty.

    Rapporteur
    Brando Benifei
    Group
    Rapporteur
    Targets
    Digital Omnibus proposal Recital 16
    Document
    JURI draft opinion
    Printed header
    Recital 16
  2. 12 Deletion Alex Agius Saliba (rapporteur)Rapporteur · IMCO Deletes the recital

    (16) In order to mitigate legal uncertainties that could discourage innovative business models, it is necessary to address the substantial compliance ambiguities and burdens associated with the provisions on smart contracts executing data sharing agreements under Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854. The absence of harmonised standards and clear definitions for key concepts such as ‘robustness’, ‘access control’, and ‘consistency with contractual terms’, combined with the requirement for a ‘safe termination or interruption mechanism’ potentially incompatible with decentralised or public blockchain architectures built on immutable ledgers, posed challenges to innovators from a cost and opportunity perspective. Additionally, the ambiguity surrounding the performance of the conformity assessment under Article 36(2) of that Regulation risks imposing disproportionate burdens. The elimination of Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 would therefore promote the development and market introduction of new business models, foster innovation, and reduce barriers for emerging technologies.

    Rapporteur
    Alex Agius Saliba
    Group
    Rapporteur
    Targets
    Digital Omnibus proposal Recital 16
    Document
    IMCO draft opinion
    Printed header
    Recital 16
  3. 96 Deletion David CormandGreens/EFA · JURI Deletes the recital

    (16) In order to mitigate legal uncertainties that could discourage innovative business models, it is necessary to address the substantial compliance ambiguities and burdens associated with the provisions on smart contracts executing data sharing agreements under Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854. The absence of harmonised standards and clear definitions for key concepts such as ‘robustness’, ‘access control’, and ‘consistency with contractual terms’, combined with the requirement for a ‘safe termination or interruption mechanism’ potentially incompatible with decentralised or public blockchain architectures built on immutable ledgers, posed challenges to innovators from a cost and opportunity perspective. Additionally, the ambiguity surrounding the performance of the conformity assessment under Article 36(2) of that Regulation risks imposing disproportionate burdens. The elimination of Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 would therefore promote the development and market introduction of new business models, foster innovation, and reduce barriers for emerging technologies.

    Tabled by
    David Cormand
    Group
    Greens/EFA
    Targets
    Digital Omnibus proposal Recital 16
    Document
    JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinion
    Printed header
    Recital 16
  4. 149 Deletion David CormandGreens/EFA · IMCO Deletes the recital

    (16) In order to mitigate legal uncertainties that could discourage innovative business models, it is necessary to address the substantial compliance ambiguities and burdens associated with the provisions on smart contracts executing data sharing agreements under Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854. The absence of harmonised standards and clear definitions for key concepts such as ‘robustness’, ‘access control’, and ‘consistency with contractual terms’, combined with the requirement for a ‘safe termination or interruption mechanism’ potentially incompatible with decentralised or public blockchain architectures built on immutable ledgers, posed challenges to innovators from a cost and opportunity perspective. Additionally, the ambiguity surrounding the performance of the conformity assessment under Article 36(2) of that Regulation risks imposing disproportionate burdens. The elimination of Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 would therefore promote the development and market introduction of new business models, foster innovation, and reduce barriers for emerging technologies.

    Tabled by
    David Cormand on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
    Group
    Greens/EFA
    Targets
    Digital Omnibus proposal Recital 16
    Document
    IMCO amendments 125–328 to the draft opinion
    Printed header
    Recital 16
  5. 160 Deletion Elena Sancho Murillo +6S&D · ITRE–LIBE Deletes the recital

    (16) In order to mitigate legal uncertainties that could discourage innovative business models, it is necessary to address the substantial compliance ambiguities and burdens associated with the provisions on smart contracts executing data sharing agreements under Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854. The absence of harmonised standards and clear definitions for key concepts such as ‘robustness’, ‘access control’, and ‘consistency with contractual terms’, combined with the requirement for a ‘safe termination or interruption mechanism’ potentially incompatible with decentralised or public blockchain architectures built on immutable ledgers, posed challenges to innovators from a cost and opportunity perspective. Additionally, the ambiguity surrounding the performance of the conformity assessment under Article 36(2) of that Regulation risks imposing disproportionate burdens. The elimination of Article 36 of Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 would therefore promote the development and market introduction of new business models, foster innovation, and reduce barriers for emerging technologies.

    Tabled by
    Elena Sancho Murillo, Marina Kaljurand, Brando Benifei, José Cepeda, Lina Gálvez, Francisco Assis, Alex Agius Saliba
    Group
    S&D
    Targets
    Digital Omnibus proposal Recital 16
    Document
    ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
    Printed header
    Recital 16