Data Act· Article 36
Text
Article 36 Data Act as printed in the Council text of 22 October 2026
Essential requirements regarding smart contracts for executing data sharing agreements
Source Council, 22 October 2026. Article 36: ST 14756/26, page 82 · exact text page
The Council draft deletes this provision and supplies no replacement wording. Open the official source to read the instruction in context.
The amending passage as printed
17. Article 36 is deleted.
How the article has changed
| What each text would do to the law in force | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Article | Commission19 Nov 2025 | Council10 Jun 2026 | Council18 Jun 2026 | Council3 Sep 2026 | Council2 Oct 2026 | Council22 Oct 2026 | Parliamentamendments |
| Compared with | law in force | the proposal | 10 Jun text | 18 Jun text | 3 Sep text | 2 Oct text | |
| 36Text of the article | Deletes Deleted | Deletes Unchanged | Deletes Unchanged | Deletes Unchanged | Deletes Unchanged | Deletes Unchanged | 6 |
Each text against the law in force: −Deletes deletes a provision of the law in force changed from the text before
Each text against the text before it: −Deleted deletes a provision of the law in force=Unchanged same as the text before
What each text does
- 19 Nov 2025 Commission proposalCOM(2025) 837 Deletes Deletes the article. Article 36 in this text
- 5 Jun 2026 JURI draft opinion · Brando Benifei (rapporteur)JURI-PA-789142 1 amendment to this article. Amendments in this document
- 8 Jun 2026 IMCO draft opinion · Alex Agius Saliba (rapporteur)IMCO-PA-789877 1 amendment to this article. Amendments in this document
- 10 Jun 2026 Council textST 10426/26 Unchanged Same as the text before. Article 36 in this text
- 18 Jun 2026 Council textST 10677/26 Unchanged Same as the text before. Article 36 in this text
- 29 Jun 2026 JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinionJURI-AM-790236 1 amendment to this article. Amendments in this document
- 16 Jul 2026 IMCO amendments 125–328 to the draft opinionIMCO-AM-790905 1 amendment to this article. Amendments in this document
- 27 Jul 2026 ITRE–LIBE amendments 527–776 to the draft reportCJ72-AM-791071 2 amendments to this article. Amendments in this document
- 3 Sep 2026 Council textST 12535/26 Unchanged Same as the text before. Article 36 in this text
- 2 Oct 2026 Council textST 13886/26 Unchanged Same as the text before. Article 36 in this text
- 22 Oct 2026 Council textST 14756/26 Unchanged Same as the text before. Article 36 in this text
Article 36: Text of the article
Deleted by the Commission
Parliament amendments 6
6 would delete the provision. Deletion amendments come from S&D, Greens/EFA and ESN, and from the JURI rapporteur’s draft opinion and the IMCO rapporteur’s draft opinion.
| Type | S&D | Greens/EFA | ESN | Rapporteur |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| − Deletion | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 |
By political group
- − Deletion S&D 1 Greens/EFA 2 ESN 1 Rapporteur 2
36 −Deletion Brando Benifei (rapporteur)Rapporteur · JURI Deletes the proposed article
17. Article 36 is deleted.Justification
The deletion of Article 36 would remove important minimum safeguards ensuring that smart contracts used in data-sharing agreements remain secure, interoperable and controllable. While legal uncertainty concerns should be addressed, a complete removal of the framework risks creating a regulatory gap in automated data-sharing systems, potentially weakening trust, interoperability and legal certainty.
- Rapporteur
- Brando Benifei
- Group
- Rapporteur
- Targets
- Data Act Article 36
- Document
- JURI draft opinion
- Source
- Official text, page 34
- Printed header
- Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 17 / Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 / Article 36
56 −Deletion Alex Agius Saliba (rapporteur)Rapporteur · IMCO Deletes the proposed article
17. Article 36 is deleted.- Rapporteur
- Alex Agius Saliba
- Group
- Rapporteur
- Targets
- Data Act Article 36
- Document
- IMCO draft opinion
- Source
- Official text, page 46
- Printed header
- Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 17 / Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 / Article 36
197 −Deletion David CormandGreens/EFA · JURI Deletes the proposed article
17. Article 36 is deleted.- Tabled by
- David Cormand
- Group
- Greens/EFA
- Targets
- Data Act Article 36
- Document
- JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinion
- Source
- Official text, page 112
- Printed header
- Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 17 / Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 / Article 36
276 −Deletion David CormandGreens/EFA · IMCO Deletes the proposed article
17. Article 36 is deleted.- Tabled by
- David Cormand on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
- Group
- Greens/EFA
- Targets
- Data Act Article 36
- Document
- IMCO amendments 125–328 to the draft opinion
- Source
- Official text, page 128
- Printed header
- Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 17 / Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 / Article 36
712 −Deletion Mary KhanESN · ITRE–LIBE Deletes the proposed article
17. Article 36 is deleted.- Tabled by
- Mary Khan
- Group
- ESN
- Targets
- Data Act Article 36
- Document
- ITRE–LIBE amendments 527–776 to the draft report
- Source
- Official text, page 141
- Printed header
- Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 17 / Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 / Article 36
713 −Deletion Elena Sancho Murillo +6S&D · ITRE–LIBE Deletes the proposed article
17. Article 36 is deleted.Justification
We do not support the deletion of Article 36 on smart contracts would remove the interoperability and trust framework designed to ensure that smart contracts used for data-sharing agreements meet minimum requirements for security, controllability (such as interruption or archiving functions), and conformity with harmonised standards. It will eliminate a key safeguard intended to ensure that automated data-sharing mechanisms remain reliable, interoperable, and auditable across providers.
- Tabled by
- Elena Sancho Murillo, Marina Kaljurand, Brando Benifei, José Cepeda, Lina Gálvez, Francisco Assis, Alex Agius Saliba
- Group
- S&D
- Targets
- Data Act Article 36
- Document
- ITRE–LIBE amendments 527–776 to the draft report
- Printed header
- Article 1 – paragraph 1 – point 17 / Regulation (EU) 2023/2854 / Article 36