Compare the available Commission, Council and Parliament texts and amendments affecting this recital.
Recital total: 1 part · 4 Council drafts · 14 Parliament amendments
Removed wording is struck through; added or replacement wording is highlighted.
Institutional text
European Commission proposal
The wording proposed by the Commission at the start of this legislative file.
No standalone Commission wording is mapped to this tracked part. A newly proposed provision may have no earlier text of its own.
Commission source wording and instructions
Recital 28
Commission proposal
In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Institutional text
Council Presidency texts
Successive Presidency compromise texts. Their inclusion does not imply agreement or adoption.
No Council wording is mapped to this tracked part.
Recital 28
May Presidency compromise
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency may, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. Scientific research activities may be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings. The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed on a case-bycase basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not rely solely on the declaration of the controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Recital 28
June Presidency compromise · 10 June
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Recital 28
June Presidency compromise · 18 June
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU ) 2016/679.
Recital 28
September Presidency compromise
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU ) 2016/679.
Recital 28 4 Council drafts
Recital 28
21 May 2026 · May Presidency compromise
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency may, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. Scientific research activities may be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings. The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed on a case-bycase basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not rely solely on the declaration of the controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Recital 28
10 June 2026 · June Presidency compromise · 10 June
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Recital 28
18 June 2026 · June Presidency compromise · 18 June
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU ) 2016/679.
Recital 28
3 September 2026 · September Presidency compromise
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU ) 2016/679.
Competing proposals
European Parliament amendments
These are alternative tabled amendments. An amendment affecting several tracked parts appears once here, with each target identified.
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Remove proposed wordingAmendment 111 · David Cormand JURI
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Alternative wordingAmendment 112 · Victor Negrescu JURI
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Where data are processed for scientific research purposes in the digital sphere, particular attention should be paid to supporting research carried out by universities, public-interest organisations and SMEs, and to promoting open science practices, skills development and digital literacy among researchers and students.
Alternative wordingAmendment 113 · Emil Radev JURI
(28) In order to assess whether researchan activity meets the conditions of being scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account canshould be taken of elementsthesuchfollowingascharacteristics:methodologicalnovelty, creativity, uncertainty, systematic and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific areatransferable/reproducible. Research and technology developmentConsideration should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and shouldalso be always of a of high quality and should adheregiven to the principlespurpose of principlestheof reliabilityactivity, honestywhich should primarily aim at new findings, respectbasedon original concepts (and accountabilitytheir(verifiabilityinterpretation) or hypotheses. The Frascati Manual will be the main reference for this assessment.
Remove proposed wordingAmendment 158 · David Cormand on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group IMCO
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Alternative wordingAmendment 159 · Arba Kokalari IMCO
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). This does not exclude scientific research activities that further commercial interests.
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Alternative wordingAmendment 234 · Irena Joveva, Michael McNamara, Raquel García Hermida-Van Der Walle, Oihane Agirregoitia Martínez, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Fabienne Keller ITRE · LIBE
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, methodological and systematic approach and ethical standards applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academicMoreover, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhereadherence to the principles of principles of reliability, transparency, honesty, respect and accountability should be the conditions applied. Transparency should involve making research results publicly avaliable with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activites should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society’s general knowledge and in the public interest. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interest, provided that the processing operations are functionally separated from commercial monetization, tracking, or profiling activities, contribute to verifiable public knowledge, strictly respect safeguards under Article 89(verifiability1), and are not used to circumvent general purpose limitation obligations for proprietary automated modeling. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other infringements of their rights due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, self-determination and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Alternative wordingAmendment 235 · Marina Kaljurand, Elena Sancho Murillo, Brando Benifei, Birgit Sippel, Alex Agius Saliba, Francisco Assis, Elisabeth Grossmann, Kristian Vigenin, Matjaž Nemec ITRE · LIBE
(28) The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be based on objective characteristics of the research activity and should not rely solely on the declaration of the controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679. In order to assess whether scientific research meetsactivities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of thisRegulationRegulation(EU) 2016/679, account canshould be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and systematicethicalapproachstandards applied in the specific area while conducting the research in the specific area. Research, and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhereadherence to the principles of principles oftransparency, reliability, honestyaccountability, respectoversight, verifiability, and accountabilityrules for research integrity. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society’s public knowlewge, to public interest or serve the mankind. The results of scientific research should be published and they should be subjected to a double-blind peer review. It is important that scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and the notion of consent to participate in research, which is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (verifiabilityEU) 2016/679.
Alternative wordingAmendment 236 · Julie Rechagneux, Mélanie Disdier, Aleksandar Nikolic, Pierre-Romain Thionnet, Alexandre Varaut, Fabrice Leggeri, Marion Maréchal, António Tânger Corrêa, Christophe Bay ITRE · LIBE
(28) Scientific research should not include the profiling of natural persons, direct marketing, the monitoring of individuals' behaviour, or activities whose purpose is to influence or nudge the behaviour of natural persons, even where such activities apply scientific methods. The ethical standards of the relevant research area should be understood as those established within a recognised scientific discipline, and not as standards defined unilaterally by the controller for the purposes of a given processing operation. In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Justification
The broadening of research purposes must not allow processing whose principal object is behavioural targeting to be re-labelled as scientific research. Nor may the notion of 'research area' be defined by the controller itself: the ethical standards invoked must be those of a recognised discipline, failing which the safeguard is circular.
Alternative wordingAmendment 237 · Markéta Gregorová on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group ITRE · LIBE
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. ResearchScientificand technology developmentresearch should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Transparency may, among other things, involve making research results publicly available, in principle after peer review. The publication of the results also contributes to the aim of contributing to the growth of society’s general knowledge. Scientific research may further a subsequent commercial interest. Processing should not be considered scientific research where its primary purpose is commercial product development, advertising, marketing, profiling, service optimisation, or customer analytics.
Alternative wordingAmendment 238 · Sebastian Tynkkynen, Diego Solier ITRE · LIBE
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Pursuing an additional commercial interest should not preclude research from meeting the conditions of scientific research for the purposes of this Regulation.
Alternative wordingAmendment 239 · Tomas Tobé, Arba Kokalari, Jörgen Warborn ITRE · LIBE
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). This does not exclude scientific research activities that further commercial interests.
Alternative wordingAmendment 240 · Aura Salla, Niels Flemming Hansen, Ana Miguel Pedro, Adina Vălean, Andrea Wechsler, Eva Maydell, Pekka Toveri, Christian Ehler ITRE · LIBE
(28) In order to assess whether researchan activity meets the conditions of being scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account canshould be taken of elementsthesuchfollowingascharacteristics:methodologicalnovelty, creativity, uncertainty, systematic and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific areatransferable/reproducible. Research and technology developmentConsideration should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and shouldalso be always of a of high quality and should adheregiven to the principlespurpose of principlestheof reliabilityactivity, honestywhich should primarily aim at new findings, respectbasedon original concepts (and accountabilitytheir(verifiabilityinterpretation) or hypotheses. The Frascati Manual will be the main reference for this assessment.
Alternative wordingAmendment 241 · Ondřej Krutílek ITRE · LIBE
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Justification
It might be too much to require the research to be reliable, in particular on the scientific frontier. Verifiability in the Popperian sense (falsifiability) should be required, however questionable is whether adding sometimes unclear and sometimes contradictory notions of “autonomy” and “oversight” or “independence” and “accountability” would clarify the definition and simplify its usage.
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Recital 28
European Commission proposal → Council Presidency text · ST 9547/26
Changes in context
In order to assess whether scientific research meetsactivities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of thisRegulationRegulation(EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and systematicethicalapproachstandards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency may, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in thescientificspecific area. Researchresearch and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development.shouldScientific research activities may be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium-sizedmedium sized undertakings. The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, (Articleprivate179(2)orTFEU)commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed on a case-bycase basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should benotalwaysrely solely on the declaration of athe controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountabilityRegulation (verifiabilityEU) 2016/679.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
European Commission proposal
In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Council Presidency text · ST 9547/26
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency may, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. Scientific research activities may be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings. The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed on a case-bycase basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not rely solely on the declaration of the controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Recital 28
Council Presidency text · ST 9547/26 → Council Presidency text · ST 10426/26
Changes in context
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency maycould, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. ScientificThe fact that scientific research activities mayare to be conducted in academic, industryautonomously and otherindependentlysettings,does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-bycasecase-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not rely solely on the declaration of the controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Council Presidency text · ST 9547/26
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency may, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. Scientific research activities may be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings. The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed on a case-bycase basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not rely solely on the declaration of the controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Council Presidency text · ST 10426/26
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Recital 28
Council Presidency text · ST 10426/26 → Council Presidency text · ST 10677/26
Changes in context
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Council Presidency text · ST 10426/26
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Council Presidency text · ST 10677/26
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU ) 2016/679.
Recital 28
Council Presidency text · ST 10677/26 → Council Presidency text · ST 12535/26
Changes in context
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU ) 2016/679.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Council Presidency text · ST 10677/26
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU ) 2016/679.
Council Presidency text · ST 12535/26
In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Transparency could, among other things, involve making research results publicly available with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society's general knowledge and wellbeing. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interests. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679. Scientific research can, amongst others, be part of and support innovation, such as technology or medical development. The fact that scientific research activities are to be conducted autonomously and independently does not exclude that such activities can be mandated and conducted by public authorities or private entities, including small and medium sized undertakings, in academic, industry and other settings . The outcome of scientific research may be applied for public interest, private or commercial purposes. The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be assessed and substantiated by the controller on a case-by-case basis, considering the objective characteristics of the research activity, and should not undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU ) 2016/679.
Recital 28
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 233 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report: removal
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 233 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report: removal
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 234 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, methodological and systematic approach and ethical standards applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academicMoreover, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhereadherence to the principles of principles of reliability, transparency, honesty, respect and accountability should be the conditions applied. Transparency should involve making research results publicly avaliable with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activites should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society’s general knowledge and in the public interest. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interest, provided that the processing operations are functionally separated from commercial monetization, tracking, or profiling activities, contribute to verifiable public knowledge, strictly respect safeguards under Article 89(verifiability1), and are not used to circumvent general purpose limitation obligations for proprietary automated modeling. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other infringements of their rights due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, self-determination and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 234 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, methodological and systematic approach and ethical standards applied while conducting the research. Moreover, adherence to the principles of principles of reliability, transparency, honesty, respect and accountability should be the conditions applied. Transparency should involve making research results publicly avaliable with due regard to legitimate limitations to access such as protection of intellectual property and trade secrets. Scientific research activites should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society’s general knowledge and in the public interest. This does not exclude that the outcome of scientific research activities may also aim to further commercial or private interest, provided that the processing operations are functionally separated from commercial monetization, tracking, or profiling activities, contribute to verifiable public knowledge, strictly respect safeguards under Article 89(1), and are not used to circumvent general purpose limitation obligations for proprietary automated modeling. It is important that processing for scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other infringements of their rights due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, self-determination and, to the extent necessary, the notion of consent to participate in research should be used as a safeguard and is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 235 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
Changes in context
(28) The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be based on objective characteristics of the research activity and should not rely solely on the declaration of the controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679. In order to assess whether scientific research meetsactivities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of thisRegulationRegulation(EU) 2016/679, account canshould be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and systematicethicalapproachstandards applied in the specific area while conducting the research in the specific area. Research, and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhereadherence to the principles of principles oftransparency, reliability, honestyaccountability, respectoversight, verifiability, and accountabilityrules for research integrity. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society’s public knowlewge, to public interest or serve the mankind. The results of scientific research should be published and they should be subjected to a double-blind peer review. It is important that scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and the notion of consent to participate in research, which is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (verifiabilityEU) 2016/679.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 235 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
(28) The qualification of processing as being carried out for scientific research purposes should be based on objective characteristics of the research activity and should not rely solely on the declaration of the controller, nor undermine the obligation to apply appropriate safeguards as provided for in Article 89 of Regulation (EU) 2016/679. In order to assess whether scientific research activities meet the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of Regulation (EU) 2016/679, account should be taken of elements such as the purpose of the research, the methodological approach and ethical standards applied in the specific area while conducting the research, and adherence to the principles of transparency, reliability, accountability, oversight, verifiability, and rules for research integrity. Scientific research activities should be conducted autonomously and independently, free from undue pressure and contribute to the growth of society’s public knowlewge, to public interest or serve the mankind. The results of scientific research should be published and they should be subjected to a double-blind peer review. It is important that scientific research activities prevent individuals from being subjected to harm or other adverse effects due to their participation in scientific research and respect, amongst others, human autonomy and the notion of consent to participate in research, which is to be considered distinctively from consent under Regulation (EU) 2016/679.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 236 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
Changes in context
(28) Scientific research should not include the profiling of natural persons, direct marketing, the monitoring of individuals' behaviour, or activities whose purpose is to influence or nudge the behaviour of natural persons, even where such activities apply scientific methods. The ethical standards of the relevant research area should be understood as those established within a recognised scientific discipline, and not as standards defined unilaterally by the controller for the purposes of a given processing operation. In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 236 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
(28) Scientific research should not include the profiling of natural persons, direct marketing, the monitoring of individuals' behaviour, or activities whose purpose is to influence or nudge the behaviour of natural persons, even where such activities apply scientific methods. The ethical standards of the relevant research area should be understood as those established within a recognised scientific discipline, and not as standards defined unilaterally by the controller for the purposes of a given processing operation. In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 237 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. ResearchScientificand technology developmentresearch should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Transparency may, among other things, involve making research results publicly available, in principle after peer review. The publication of the results also contributes to the aim of contributing to the growth of society’s general knowledge. Scientific research may further a subsequent commercial interest. Processing should not be considered scientific research where its primary purpose is commercial product development, advertising, marketing, profiling, service optimisation, or customer analytics.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 237 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Scientific research should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Transparency may, among other things, involve making research results publicly available, in principle after peer review. The publication of the results also contributes to the aim of contributing to the growth of society’s general knowledge. Scientific research may further a subsequent commercial interest. Processing should not be considered scientific research where its primary purpose is commercial product development, advertising, marketing, profiling, service optimisation, or customer analytics.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 238 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Pursuing an additional commercial interest should not preclude research from meeting the conditions of scientific research for the purposes of this Regulation.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 238 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Pursuing an additional commercial interest should not preclude research from meeting the conditions of scientific research for the purposes of this Regulation.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 239 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). This does not exclude scientific research activities that further commercial interests.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 239 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). This does not exclude scientific research activities that further commercial interests.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 240 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether researchan activity meets the conditions of being scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account canshould be taken of elementsthesuchfollowingascharacteristics:methodologicalnovelty, creativity, uncertainty, systematic and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific areatransferable/reproducible. Research and technology developmentConsideration should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and shouldalso be always of a of high quality and should adheregiven to the principlespurpose of principlestheof reliabilityactivity, honestywhich should primarily aim at new findings, respectbasedon original concepts (and accountabilitytheir(verifiabilityinterpretation) or hypotheses. The Frascati Manual will be the main reference for this assessment.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 240 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
(28) In order to assess whether an activity meets the conditions of being scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account should be taken of the following characteristics: novelty, creativity, uncertainty, systematic and transferable/reproducible. Consideration should also be given to the purpose of the activity, which should primarily aim at new findings, based on original concepts (and their interpretation) or hypotheses. The Frascati Manual will be the main reference for this assessment.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 241 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 241 · ITRE–LIBE amendments 79–250 to the draft report
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of honesty, respect and verifiability.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 158 · IMCO amendments 125–328 to the draft opinion: removal
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 158 · IMCO amendments 125–328 to the draft opinion: removal
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 159 · IMCO amendments 125–328 to the draft opinion
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). This does not exclude scientific research activities that further commercial interests.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 159 · IMCO amendments 125–328 to the draft opinion
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). This does not exclude scientific research activities that further commercial interests.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 111 · JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinion: removal
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 111 · JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinion: removal
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 112 · JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinion
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Where data are processed for scientific research purposes in the digital sphere, particular attention should be paid to supporting research carried out by universities, public-interest organisations and SMEs, and to promoting open science practices, skills development and digital literacy among researchers and students.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 112 · JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinion
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability). Where data are processed for scientific research purposes in the digital sphere, particular attention should be paid to supporting research carried out by universities, public-interest organisations and SMEs, and to promoting open science practices, skills development and digital literacy among researchers and students.
Wording reproduced in the amendment → Amendment 113 · JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinion
Changes in context
(28) In order to assess whether researchan activity meets the conditions of being scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account canshould be taken of elementsthesuchfollowingascharacteristics:methodologicalnovelty, creativity, uncertainty, systematic and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific areatransferable/reproducible. Research and technology developmentConsideration should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and shouldalso be always of a of high quality and should adheregiven to the principlespurpose of principlestheof reliabilityactivity, honestywhich should primarily aim at new findings, respectbasedon original concepts (and accountabilitytheir(verifiabilityinterpretation) or hypotheses. The Frascati Manual will be the main reference for this assessment.
RemovedAdded
Both texts in full
Wording reproduced in the amendment
(28) In order to assess whether research meets the conditions of scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account can be taken of elements such as methodological and systematic approach applied while conducting the research in the specific area. Research and technology development should be conducted in academic, industry and other settings, including small and medium-sized undertakings, (Article 179(2) TFEU) and should be always of a of high quality and should adhere to the principles of principles of reliability, honesty, respect and accountability (verifiability).
Amendment 113 · JURI amendments 69–296 to the draft opinion
(28) In order to assess whether an activity meets the conditions of being scientific research for the purpose of this Regulation, account should be taken of the following characteristics: novelty, creativity, uncertainty, systematic and transferable/reproducible. Consideration should also be given to the purpose of the activity, which should primarily aim at new findings, based on original concepts (and their interpretation) or hypotheses. The Frascati Manual will be the main reference for this assessment.
